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it 做形式宾语通常用于哪些动词后,其后跟那些词作宾补,真正的宾语由哪些形式充当

it作形式宾语:

  it作形式宾语时,可以代替三种形式:

  不定式、动名词和宾语从句。

  it作形式宾语时,需具备两个条件:

  ① 真正的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句

  ② 有宾语补足语

  具备了这两个条件,形式宾语it一定要用。

  ⒈ it代替不定式短语

  think/ find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard…+ it +形容词/名词 + 不定式短语

  如:

  ①I find it pleasant to work with him.

  (it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to work with him)

  我觉得和他一起工作很愉快。

  ②They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time.

  ( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to finish the work in such a short time)

  他们认为在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是困难的。

  ③She thinks it her duty to help us.

  ( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to help us)

  她觉得帮助我们是她的责任。

④I think it my honor to be invited to speak here.

  ( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to be invited to speak here)

  我觉得应邀在这儿演讲是我的荣耀。

  ⑤Tom didn’t find it difficult to write letters in Chinese.

  ( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to write letters in Chinese)

  汤姆发现用汉语写信不难。

  ⑥All these noises made it impossible for me to go on with the work.

  ( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to go on with the work)

  这些噪音使我无法继续工作。

  ⒉ it代替动名词短语( 这只限于少数句型,在多数情况下用不定式时更多一些)

  如:

  ①The professor considers it no good reading without understanding.

  这位教授认为阅读而不理解没有益处。

  ②Do you consider it any good trying again?

  你觉得再试会有好处吗?

  ③He found it useless( no use) arguing with him.

  他发现和他辩论没有用。

  ④He thought it absolutely senseless attempting the impossible.

  想做不可能的事情,他认为是完全没道理的。

⑤I don’t think it worthwhile going to such a place.

  到这样一个地方去我看是不值得的。

  ⒊ it代替宾语从句:

  如:

  ①We all thought it a pity that the conference should have been cancelled.

  会议取消了我们都感到很遗憾。

  ②I took it for granted that they were not coming.

  我想他们准是不会来的了。

  ③I’ll see to it that everything is ready in time.

  我负责使一切都按时准备好。

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