有的动词后面加-en是什么意思

+en的 一般是动词的过去分词

过去分词（past participle）是分词的一种，英文缩写（PP）规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加-ed构成，en也是过去分词的一种后缀，九年级英语书最后一般都有

规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：

(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“-ed ”。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式）

work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited

(2)以不发音的“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d ”。

live---lived---lived

(3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“-ed”。

study—studied—studied,cry—cried—cried,try—tried—tried,fry—fried—fried.[1]

(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“-ed”。

stop—stopped—stopped,drop—dropped—dropped

特例：有两类动词本身应该直接加“ed”，但由于历史习惯，依旧要双写最后一个字母，再加“ed”。以“元音字母+l”非重读结尾的规则动词变过去分词也要双写“l",再加“ed”。例如cancel→cancelled，dial→dialled。另外还有一些以非重读闭音节结尾的规则动词变过去分词也要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加“ed”。例如：kidnap→kidnapped，worship→worshipped。而上述两种情况在美国一般却直接加“ed”。

注：这样做主要是为了避免变化后其原型尾音/k/变成/s/。根据英文的拼写规则，c在字母e、i、y之前均发/s/，其他情况下均发/k/。如果直接加“ed”的话，trafficed将会读成/'træfɪsɪd/，而不读/'træfɪkt/。

不规则动词

编辑

AAA型

即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共10个）

cast——cast——cast

cost—cost—cost

cut—cut—cut

hit—hit—hit

hurt(损伤)—hurt—hurt

let(让)—let—let

put—put—put

read—read—read(read的原形和过去式、过去分词读音不同[2])

set-set-set

shut-shut-shut

ABB型

过去式、过去分词相同。（共42个）

过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。（4个）　　bring—brought—brought　　buy—bought—bought　　think—thought—thought　　fight—fought—fought

词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个）　　build—built—built　　lend—lent— lent　　send—sent—sent　　spend—spent— spent

过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。（2个）　　catch—caught—caught　　teach—taught—taught

把-eep、-eel变为-ept、-elt。（4个）　　keep—kept—kept　　sleep—slept—slept　　sweep— swept—swept　　feel—felt— felt

把-ell变为-old。（2个）　　tell—told—told　　sell—sold—sold

把-ell、-ill变为-elt或-ilt。（3个）　　smell—smelt—smelt　　spell—spelt—spelt　　spill—spilt—spilt

把-eed、-ead、-eet变为-ed或-et。（4个）　　feed—fed—fed　　lead—led—led　　speed—sped—sped　　meet—met—met

过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（6个）　　learn—learnt—learnt　　mean—meant—meant　　spoil—spoilt—spoilt　　burn—burnt—burnt　　dream—dreamt—dreamt　　deal—dealt—dealt

过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id（3个）　　say—said—said　　pay—paid—paid　　lay—laid—laid

改变元音字母。（12个）　　get—got—got　　sit—sat—sat　　find—found—found　　hold—held—held　　spit—spat—spat　　shine—shone—shone　　win—won—won　　hang—hung—hung　　dig— dug—dug　　lose—lost—lost

改变辅音字母。（4个）　　make—made—made

改变元、辅音字母。（4个）　　leave—left—left　　stand—stood—stood　　have/has—had—had　　understand—understood—understood

ABC型

原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共39个）

i—a—u变化。（7个）　　begin—began—begun　　drink—drank—drunk　　sing— sang—sung　　ring—rang—rung　　swim—swam—swum　　sink— sank—sunk　　spring—sprang—sprung

词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（5个）　　blow—blew—blown　　draw—drew—drawn　　grow— grew—grown　　know—knew—known　　throw—threw—thrown（show除外）

词尾为“i+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或t后加n。（4个）（give，hide除外）　　drive—drove—driven　　write—wrote—written　　ride— rode—ridden　　rise—rose—risen

过去分词在过去式后加n。（3个）　　wake—woke—woken　　speak-spoke-spoken　　steal-stole-stolen

过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（2个）　　get-got-gotten/got　　forget—forgot—forgotten

过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。（7个）　　be—was（were）—been　　eat—ate—eaten　　fall—fell—fallen　　give—gave—given　　see—saw—seen　　hide—hid—hidden（hid） take—took—taken

词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去分词在原形词后加-n。（2个）　　take—took—taken　　mistake—mistook—mistaken

原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6个）　　do—did—done　　fly—flew—flown　　go—went—gone　　lie—lay—lain　　show—showed—shown　　wear—wore—worn

词尾为-eak时，过去式将其变为-oke，过去分词在过去式后加-n。（2个）　　break—broke—broken　　speak—spoke—spoken

词中间为“oo+辅（1个）+e”或“ee+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将oo、ee变为o，过去分词在过去式后加-n。（2个）　　choose—chose—chosen　　freeze—froze—frozen

AAB型

过去式和原形相同。（1个）

beat—beat—beaten

ABA型

过去分词和原形相同。（共3个）

（单个元音字母改变）

come—came—come

become—became—become

run—ran—run

情态动词型

(除must)

只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（共4个）

can—could

may—might

will—would

shall—should

must 既没有过去式也没有过去分词。

常用过去分词

be(am,is,are) （是）was,were been

begin（开始） began begun

drink（喝） drank drunk

ring（铃响） rang rung

sing （唱） sang sung

swim（游泳） swam swum

blow（吹） blew blown

draw（画） drew drawn

fly（飞） flew flown

grow（生长） grew grown

know（知道） knew known

throw（投掷） threw thrown

show（出示） showed shown

break（打破） broke broken

choose（选择） chose chosen

forget（忘记） forgot forgotten (forgot)

speak（说，讲） spoke spoken

wake（醒） woke woken

drive（驾驶） drove driven

eat（吃） ate eaten

fall（落下） fell fallen

give（给） gave given

rise（升高） rose risen

take（取） took taken

ride（骑） rode ridden

write（写） wrote written

do（做） did done

go（去） went gone

lie（平躺） lay lain

see（看见） saw seen

wear （穿） wore worn

cost（花费）cost cost

cut（割） cut cut

hit（打） hit hit

hurt（伤害） hurt hurt

let（让） let let

put（放） put put

read（读） read read

动词原形 过去式 过去分词[2]

arise arose arisen

其他情况

awake awoke/awaked awoken

be was/were been

bear bore borne(携带)/born(出生)

beat beat beaten

become became become

begin began begun

befall befell befallen

bend bent bent

bet bet bet

bind bound bound

bite bit bitten/bit

bleed bled bled

blend blended blent

bless blessed blest

blow blew blown

break broke broken

breed bred bred

bring brought brought

broadcast broadcast/broadcasted broadcast / broadcasted

build built built

burn burnt/burned burnt/burned

burst burst burst

buy bought bought

cast cast cast

catch caught caught

choose chose chosen

cleave clove/cleft cloven/cleft

cling clung clung

clothe clothed/clad clothed/clad

come came come

cost cost cost

creep crept crept

crow crowed/crew crowed

cut cut cut

dare dared/durst dared

deal dealt dealt

dig dug dug

do did done

draw drew drawn

dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed

drink drank drunk

drive drove driven

dwell dwelt dwelt

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

fight fought fought

find found found

flee fled fled

fling flung flung

fly flew flown

forbid forbade/forbad forbidden

forecast forecast/forecasted forecast / forecasted

forget forgot forgotten

forgive forgave forgiven

freeze froze frozen

gainsay gainsaid gainsaid

get got gotten

gild gilded/gilt gilded

gird girded/girt girded/girt

give gave given

go went gone

grave graved graven/graved

grind ground ground

grow grew grown

hang hung/hanged hung/hanged

have had had

hear heard heard

heave heaved/hove hesved/hove

hide hid hidden

hit hit hit

hold held held

hurt hurt hurt

keep kept kept

kneel knelt knelt

know knew known

lade laded laden

lay laid laid

lead led led

lean leant/leaned leant/leaned

leap leapt/leaped leapt/leaped

learn learnt/learned learnt/learned

leave left left

lend lent lent

let let let

lielay lain

lielied lied

light lit/lighted lit/lighted

lose lost lost

make made made

mean meant meant

meet met met

melt melted meited/molten

mistake mistook mistaken

misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood

outgrow outgrew outgrown

overcome overcame overcome

oversee oversaw overseen

pay paid paid

prove proved proved/proven

put put put

quit quitted/quit quitted/quit

read read read

rend rent rent

ride rode ridden

ring rang rung

rise rose risen

rive rived riven/rived

run ran run

saw sawed sawn/sawed

say said said

see saw seen

seek sought sought

sell sold sold

send sent sent

set set set

sew sewed sewn/sewed

shake shook shaken

shave shaved shaved/shaven

shear sheared sheared/shorn

shed shed shed

shine shone shone

shoe shod shod

shoot shot shot

show showed shown/showed

shrink shrank / shrunk shrunk/shrunken

shrive shrove / shrived shriven/shrived

shut shut shut

sing sang sung

sink sank/sunk sunk/sunken

sit sat sat

slay slew slain

sleep slept slept

slide slid slid

sling slung slung

slink slunk slunk

slit slit slit

smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled

smite smote smitten

sow sowed sown/sowed

speak spoke spoken

speed sped/speeded sped/speeded

spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled

spend spent spent

spill spilt/spilled spilt/spilled

spin spun/span spun

spit spat/spit spat/spit

spoil spoilt/spoiled spoilt/spoiled

spread spread spread

spring sprang/sprung sprung

stand stood stood

stave staved/stove staved/stove

steal stole stolen

stick stuck stuck

sting stung stung

swear swore sworn

sweep swept swept

swell swelled swollen/swelled

swim swam swum

swing swung swung

take took taken

teach taught taught

tear tore torn

tell told told

think thought thought

throw threw thrown

thrust thrust thrust

tread trod trodden/trod

upset upset upset

wake woke/waked woken/waked

wear wore worn

weave wove woven

weep wept wept

win won won

wind wound wound

work worked/wrought worked/wrought

wring wrung wrung

write wrote written

过去分词