定语从句的关系副词(relative adverb)
- 培训职业
- 2025-05-06 01:29:29
正确使用语法对提升语言表达和写作能力至关重要。今天,我们将聚焦于定语从句的关系副词,它们在连接主从句、指代先行词并充当从句状语方面发挥关键作用。关系副词包括when, where, 和why三种。
when, 作为时间关系副词,用于引导定语从句,先行词为时间名词如time, day, week等,且在从句中充当时间状语时,选择使用when。注意,如果先行词是时间名词但在从句中用作主语或宾语,则可以使用that或which。
例:Do you still remember the days when we chatted all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的日子吗?(when在从句中作状语)
例:Do you remember the days that /which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场共度的时光吗?(that/which做spend的宾语)
where, 代表地点,引导定语从句时,先行词可以是地点名词如place, factory, house等或抽象地点名词如position, stage, atmosphere等,且在从句中充当地点状语,则用where。同样地,如果先行词为地点名词但关系词在从句中用作主语或宾语,则可使用that或which。
例:It's helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. 将孩子们置于一个能够让他们以不同视角审视自我的环境是有益的。
例:Finally, we got to the factory where high-quality mobile phones were produced. 最终我们来到了一个生产高质量手机的工厂。
例:This is the house that /which was built by my grandfather 40 years ago. 这是我爷爷40年前建造的房子。
why, 作为原因关系副词,仅适用于先行词为表示理由的名词reason,并在从句中充当原因状语时,选择使用why。同样地,如果先行词是地点名词但在从句中用作主语或宾语,则可使用that或which。
例:“when”、“where”和“why”也可以被替换为“介词 + which”,介词的选择取决于先行词与定语从句中的动词。
例:Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nanjing? 你还记得我们在南京初次见面的那一天吗?(on which=when)
例:This is the room in which we lived last year. 这是我们去年居住的房间。(in which=where)
例:Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party? 你知道他拒绝参加玛丽生日派对的原因吗?(for which=why)
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