什么是延续性动词

延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn,

work,

stand,

lie,

know,

walk,

keep,

have,

wait,

watch,

sing,

read,

sleep,

live,

stay等。

　　终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open,

close,

finish,

begin,

come,

go,

arrive,

reach,

get

to,

leave,

move,

borrow,buy等。

　　一、延续性动词

　　延续性动词表示的动作不但可以延续，而且可以产生持久的影响。常见的这类动词有：be，have，keep，know，learn，lie，live，read，sing，sleep，stand，stay，wait，walk，watch等。延续性动词的用法很广，但常见于现在完成时中的句子中，且常与for，how，long，since等引导的表示一段时间的状语或状语从句连用。例如：

　　1．i

have

learned

more

than

1，000

chinese

words

since

i

came

to

china．

　　自从来到中国，我已经学会了l，000多个汉字。

　　2．we

have

lived

in

linqing

since

we

came

here．自从来到这儿，我们就一直住在临清。

　　3．i

have

kept

the

picture

for

about

three

years．这张画我保存了大约三年。

　　延续性动词又称持续性动词，它所表示的是一种持续的动作。

　　延续性动词可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,而非延续性动词不行

　　举个例子：

　　(1)

how

long

have

you

had

it?

这辆车你买了多久了？

　　[说明]

在英语中，非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。所以我们不说“how

　　long

have

you

bought

it?”因为how

long

是“多久”的意思，而buy是非延续性动词，二者

　　不相配。常用的非延续性动词有：become,

begin,

buy,

borrow,

arrive,

come,

die,

fall,

　　finish,

get

to

know,

go,

join,

leave,

marry,

start,

stop等。为了表达这种意思，我们常用

　　相应的延续性动词

have,keep

或短语

“be+名词，形容词，位置副词，介词短语”

来代替非

　　延续动词。如：become---be,

begin---have/

be

on,

borrow---keep,

buy---have,

　　come---

be

here/there/in…,

die---be

dead,

finish---be

over,

join---be

in,

　　leave---be

away等。

　　例如：his

father

has

been

dead

for

one

year.(不能用die)

　　他父亲死了一年了。

　　my

brother

has

been

in

the

army

for

two

years.(不能用join)

　　我哥哥参军两年了。

　　i

have

kept

the

book

for

two

weeks.

(不能用borrow)

　　我借这本书两个星期了。

　　非延续性动词可用与现在完成时态,但由于动作是瞬时间完成的所以不能与for或since引出的时间状语连用.英语中常见的非延续性动词在完成时态中可改为相应的表示延续性的动词或短语,这时可与表示一段时间的的状语连用.

　　now

let's

do

some

exercise!

　　which

one

is

correct

can

you

tell

me

　　he

has

joined

the

party

for

two

years.

　　he

has

been

a

party

member

for

two

years.

　　i

have

bought

this

computer

for

a

month.

　　i

have

had

this

computer

for

a

month.

　　do

this

exercise!

　　i

have

come

here

.

for

two

years

　　he

has

gone

to

beijing.

for

three

months

　　my

mother

has

left

that

factory.

for

ten

years

　　we

have

started

to

learn

english.

for

5

years

　　i

have

been

here

for

two

years.

　　he

has

been

in

beijing

for

three

months.

　　my

mother

has

been

away

from

that

factory

　　for

ten

years.

　　we

have

learned

english

for

5

years.

　　the

film

has

been

on

for

10

minutes

　　they

have

had

a

tv

for

2

weeks.

　　they

have

bought

a

tv.

for

2

days

　　the

film

has

begun.

for

10

minutes

　　i

have

borrowed

a

book.

for

3

weeks

　　i

have

kept

a

book

for

3

weeks.

　　he

has

been

dead

for

ten

years.

　　i

have

had

a

cold

for

several

days.