英语中,什么是副词

您好！以下是关于副词的详细介绍：

1. 副词定义：副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。

2. 副词分类：

- 时间副词：now, then, often, always, usually, early, today, lately, next, last, already, generally, frequently, seldom, ever, never, yet, soon, too, immediately, hardly, finally, shortly, before, ago, sometimes, yesterday.

- 地点副词：here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round, around, near, off, past, up, away, on.

- 方式副词：carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly.

- 程度副词：much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely, almost, slightly.

- 疑问副词：how, when, where, why.

- 关系副词：when, where, why.

- 连接副词：how, when, where, why, whether.

3. 副词用法：副词在句中可作状语、表语、补语。例如：

- He works hard. 他工作努力。

- You speak English quite well. 你英语讲得很好。

- Is she in? 她在家吗？

- Let's be out. 让我们出去吧。

- Food here is hard to get. 这儿很难弄到食物。

4. 副词位置：

- 多数副词都可以放在动词的后面，如果动词带有宾语，副词就放在宾语后面。例如：

- I get up early in the morning everyday. 我每天早早起床。

- He gave me a gift yesterday. 他昨天给了我一件礼物。

- She didn't drink water enough. 她没喝够水。

- The train goes fast. 火车跑得快。

- We can go to this school freely. 我们可以免费到这家学校学习。

- They left a life hardly then. 当时他们的生活很艰难。

- He has a new hat on today. 他今天戴了一顶新帽子。

- I have seen this film twice with my friends. 这部电影我和朋友看过两次。

5. 副词比较等级：副词和形容词一样，也有其比较级和最高级形式。例如：

- hard→harder →hardest

- fast→faster →fastest

- early→earlier →earliest

- much→more →most

- well→better →best

6. 副词比较级和最高级用法：

- 原级比较：由“as＋形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)＋as”构成“原级相同”比较句，表示两者比较。例如：

- Walking briskly for thirty minutes will burn as many calories as running for fifteen minutes.

- 比较级：由“形容词(副词)比较级＋than＋…”构成表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。例如：

- Natural mica of superior quality is cheaper to obtain than synthetic mica.

- 最高级：用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句”。例如：

- The most fearsome of all the animals in the Western Hemisphere is the grizzly bear.

7. 特殊表达法：

- as such：表示上文所指明的事或人

- as much：表示“与…同量”

- as many：表示“与…一样多”

- twice (两倍)，four times (四倍)，ten times (十倍)加上as…as 结构

- the same + 名词 + as：表示同等比较

8. 典型例题：

- Are you feeling any better?

- The experiment was much easier than we had expected.

- If there were no examinations, we should have a much happier time at school.

9. 中国语文中的副词：副词用以修饰名词以外词语和整个句子的词，修饰名词的词一般为形容词。副词口诀：副词修饰动与形，范围程度与时间。肯否估计与情态，语气频率用法全。