什么叫做主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句

1．

定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。

2．

构成：关联词+简单句

3．

引导主语从句的关联词有三类：

(1)

从属连词that。

如：That

they

were

in

truth

sisters

was

clear

from

the

facial

resemblance

between

them.

很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。

(2)

从属连词whether。如：

Whether

he’ll

come

here

isn’t

clear.

他是否会来这里还不清楚。

(3)

连接代词who,

whom,

whose,

what,

which,

whoever,

whatever,

whichever

连接副词

where,

when,

how,

why。如：

What

she

did

is

not

yet

known.

她干了什么尚不清楚。

How

this

happened

is

not

clear

to

anyone.

这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。

Whoever

comes

is

welcome.

不论谁来都欢迎。

Wherever

you

are

is

my

home

----

my

only

home.

你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。

1．

定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。

2．

用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact,

news,

idea,

thought,

question,

reply,

report,

remark等，关联词多用从属连词that。如：

They

were

all

very

much

worried

over

the

fact

that

you

were

sick.

对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。

Where

did

you

get

the

idea

that

I

could

not

come?

你在哪儿听说我不能来？

Early

in

the

day

came

the

news

that

Germany

had

declared

war

on

Russia.

德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。

注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：

I

have

no

idea

whether

he’ll

come

or

not.

我不知道他是否来。

连接代词who,

which,

what和连接副词where,

when,

why,

how亦可引导同位语从句。

The

question

who

should

do

the

work

requires

consideration.

谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。

We

haven’t

yet

settled

the

question

where

we

are

going

to

spend

our

summer

vacation.

到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。

It

is

a

question

how

he

did

it.

那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。

1．

定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。

2．

构成：关联词+简单句

3．

引导表语从句的关联词的种类：

(1)

从属连词that。如：

The

trouble

is

that

I

have

lost

his

address.

麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。

(2)

从属连词whether,

as,

as

if。如：

He

looked

just

as

he

had

looked

ten

years

before.

他看起来还与十年前一样。

The

question

is

whether

they

will

be

able

to

help

us.

问题是他们是否能帮我们。

注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as

if却可引导表语从句，如：

All

this

was

over

twenty

years

ago,

but

it’s

as

if

it

was

only

yesterday.

这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。

能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be,

seem,

look等。如：

It

looked

as

if

it

was

going

to

rain.

看起来天要下雨了。

(3)连接代词who,

whom,

whose,

what,

which,

whoever,

whatever,

whichever

连接副词

where,

when,

how,

why。

如：The

problem

is

who

we

can

get

to

replace

her.

问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。

The

question

is

how

he

did

it.

问题是他是如何做此事的。

That

was

what

she

did

this

morning

on

reaching

the

attic.

那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。