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英语疑难解析:it, one, that和those用法说明

英语中,it和that有特定的用法,它们都可替代单数名词,但含义不同。it特指前面提到的“同一”事物,如"My father bought me a pen, and I like it very much."(我父亲给我买了一支钢笔,我非常喜欢它。)这里的it替代的就是the pen。而that则指前面提到的“同类”事物,如"This dictionary is more useful than that I bought yesterday."(这本词典比我昨天买的更有用。)这里的that指代的是the dictionary。

one和that/ones的用法略有不同。one泛指“一个”,如"Radios are useful for me to learn English. I'd like to buy one."(收音机对我学英语很有用,我想买一台。)这里的one替代a radio。而the one特指“那个”,相当于that,如"We kept seats for those who might arrive late."(我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。)这里的the ones替代the persons。those可以用于复数,如"Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light."(红色光线的波长约为蓝色波长的两倍。)

在某些情况下,如指代尚未提到的同类物品,或需要保留原句结构时,可能需要使用one(s)。例如,"We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made one from some wood we had."(我们需要一个新的厨房储物柜,所以彼得用我们有的木头做了一个。)

在特指和泛指之间,选择恰当的替代词至关重要。理解它们的用法,如在"The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall."(苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。)中,that替代不可数名词the population,展示了它们的区别。

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